BB18: Modelling the self-assembly processes of bio-membranes and cell aggregates

Background

Lumenal structures, such as alveoli and ducts, are found in many human and animal organs. Their specific size and configuration allow them to carry out specific functions. The morphogenesis of such structures is a complex process associated with many factors including cell proliferation, polarisation, cell adhesion, motility, gene expression, apoptosis and interaction with the extracellular matrix. Current biological studies suggest that the role of mechanical forces in morphogenesis is not restricted to changing the shape of cell aggregates, but is essential in controlling cell growth, which, in turn, leads to the redistribution of mechanical forces.

Techniques and Challenges

The aim of this project is to develop mathematical models and methods for self-organisation and specific self-organisational processes in biological systems, where the coupling between the biology of growth processes and mechanical forces takes place. Using state-of-the-art methods of anisotropic nonlinear elasticity, we build a mathematical framework for systems exhibiting growth and remodelling. By combining aspects of modelling at the cell level and a continuum theory of growing biological structures, and incorporating theoretical, analytical and numerical approaches, this research will give insight into phenomena in many biological and physiological systems, enabling scientists to better predict their response and guide them in their experimental and medical studies.

Results

The current focus of the research is modelling cell growth and fibre evolution within the fibre-reinforced medium.

The Future

We intend to mathematically reflect the emergent spatial heterogeneity of cell structures and collagen fibres, which has been observed in vitro, where contraction of the material was allowed.

References

Lubarsky B., Krasnow M.A.: Tube morphogenesis: making and shaping biological tubes. Cell 112, 19-28, 2003

Nelson C.M., Jean R.P., Tan J.L., Liu W.F., Sniadecki N.J., Spector A.A., Chen C.S.: Emergent patterns of growth controlled by multicellular form and mechanics, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102,11594-11599, 2005