Andrew Stewart -
The role of the complete Coriolis force in ocean currents that cross the equator
Large scale motions in the atmosphere and ocean are dominated by the Coriolis force due to the Earth's rotation. This tends to prevent fluid crossing the equator from one hemisphere to the other. We investigate the flow of a deep ocean current, the Antarctic Bottom Water, across the equator using a shallow water model that includes the Earth's complete Coriolis force. By contrast, most theoretical models of the atmosphere and ocean use the so-called traditional approximation that neglects the component of the Coriolis force associated with the locally horizontal component of the Earth's rotation vector. Using a combination of analytical and numerical techniques, we show that the cross-equatorial transport of the Antarctic Bottom Water may be substantially influenced by the interaction of the complete Coriolis force with bottom topography.