Lane formation and aggregation spots in foraging ant

We consider a system of interacting particles as a model for a foraging ant colony, where each ant is represented as an active Brownian particle. The interactions among ants are mediated through chemotaxis, aligning their orientations with the upward gradient of a pheromone field. Unlike conventional models, our study introduces a parameter that enables the reproduction of two distinctive behaviours: the conventional Keller-Segel aggregation and the formation of travelling clusters without relying on external constraints such as food sources or nests. We consider the associated mean-field limit of this system and establish the analytical and numerical foundations for understanding these particle behaviours.