Virtual

In 1983 Thomassen conjectured that every graph of sufficiently large average degree has a subgraph of large girth and large average degree. While this conjecture remains open, recent evidence suggests that something stronger might be true; perhaps the subgraph can be made induced when a clique and biclique are forbidden. We overview our proof for removing 4-cycles from $K_{t,t}$-free bipartite graphs. Moreover, we discuss consequences to tau-boundedness, which is an analog of chi-boundedness.

Standard twistor theory involves a complex projective
3-space PT which naturally divides into two halves PT+
and PT–, joined by their common 5-real-dimensional
boundary PN. However, this splitting has two quite
different basic physical interpretations, namely
positive/negative helicity and positive/negative
frequency, which ought not to be confused in the
formalism, and the notion of “bi-twistors” is introduced
to resolve this issue. It is found that quantized bi-
twistors have a previously unnoticed G2* structure,
which enables the split-octonion algebra to be directly
formulated in terms of quantized bi-twistors, once the
appropriate complex structure is incorporated.

Lattice homology is a combinatorial invariant of plumbed 3-manifolds due to Nemethi. The definition is a formalization of Ozsvath and Szabo's computation of the Heegaard Floer homology of plumbed 3-manifolds. Nemethi conjectured that lattice homology is isomorphic to Heegaard Floer homology. For a restricted class of plumbings, this isomorphism is known to hold, due to work of Ozsvath-Szabo, Nemethi, and Ozsvath-Stipsicz-Szabo. By using the Manolescu-Ozsvath link surgery formula for Heegaard Floer homology, we prove the conjectured isomorphism in general. In this talk, we will talk about aspects of the proof, and some related topics and extensions of the result.

I will outline a new algorithm for unknot recognition that runs in quasi-polynomial time. The input is a diagram of a knot with n crossings, and the running time is n^{O(log n)}. The algorithm uses hierarchies, normal surfaces and Heegaard splittings.

The unknotting number of a knot is the minimum number of crossing changes needed to untie the knot. It is one of the simplest knot invariants to define, yet remains notoriously difficult to compute. We will survey some basic knot theory invariants and constructions, including the satellite knot construction, a straightforward way to build new families of knots. We will give a lower bound on the unknotting number of certain satellites using knot Floer homology. This is joint work in progress with Tye Lidman and JungHwan Park.

In rational conformal field theory, the sewing and factorization properties are probably the most important properties that conformal blocks satisfy. For special examples such as Weiss-Zumino-Witten models and minimal models, these two properties were proved decades ago (assuming the genus is ≤1 for the sewing theorem). But for general (strongly) rational vertex operator algebras (VOAs), their proofs were finished only very recently. In this talk, I will first motivate the definition of conformal blocks and VOAs using Segal's picture of CFT. I will then explain the importance of Sewing and Factorization Theorem in the construction of full rational conformal field theory.

Studying quasi-isometries between groups is a major theme in geometric group theory. Of particular interest are the situations where the existence of a quasi-isometry between two groups implies that the groups are equivalent in a stronger algebraic sense, such as being commensurable. I will survey some results of this type, and then talk about recent work with Daniel Woodhouse where we prove quasi-isometric rigidity for certain graphs of virtually free groups, which include "generic" cyclic HNN extensions of free groups.

I will give an overview of the interactions between chromatic homotopy theory and the algebraic K-theory of ring spectra, especially around the subject of Ausoni-Rognes's principle of "chromatic redshift," and some of the recent advances in this field.

For an ordinary commutative Noetherian ring R we would define the singularity category to be the quotient of the (derived category of) finitely generated modules modulo the (derived category of) fg projective modules [``the bounded derived category modulo compact objects’’]. For a ring spectrum like C^*(BG) (coefficients in a field of characteristic p) it is easy to define the module category and the compact objects, but finitely generated objects need a new definition. The talk will describe the definition and show that the singularity category is trivial exactly when G is p-nilpotent. We will go on to describe the singularity category for groups with cyclic Sylow p-subgroup.

Veering triangulations are a special class of ideal triangulations with a rather mysterious combinatorial definition. Their importance follows from a deep connection with pseudo-Anosov flows on 3-manifolds. Recently Landry, Minsky and Taylor introduced a polynomial invariant of veering triangulations called the taut polynomial. During the talk I will discuss how and why it is connected to the Alexander polynomial of the underlying manifold.