Geometry and Analysis Seminar

Let $N$ be a compact Riemannian manifold of dimension 3 or higher, and $g$ a Lipschitz non-negative (or non-positive) function on $N$. In joint works with Neshan Wickramasekera we prove that there exists a closed hypersurface $M$ whose mean curvature attains the values prescribed by $g$. Except possibly for a small singular set (of codimension 7 or higher), the hypersurface $M$ is $C^2$ immersed and two-sided (it admits a global unit normal); the scalar mean curvature at $x$ is $g(x)$ with respect to a global choice of unit normal. More precisely, the immersion is a quasi-embedding, namely the only non-embedded points are caused by tangential self-intersections: around such a non-embedded point, the local structure is given by two disks, lying on one side of each other, and intersecting tangentially (as in the case of two spherical caps touching at a point). A special case of PMC (prescribed-mean-curvature) hypersurfaces is obtained when $g$ is a constant, in which the above result gives a CMC (constant-mean-curvature) hypersurface for any prescribed value of the mean curvature.

A loop of Hamiltonian diffeomorphisms of a symplectic manifold $X$ defines, by clutching, a symplectic fibration over the two-sphere with fibre $X$.  We prove that the integral cohomology of the total space splits additively, answering a question of McDuff, and extending the rational cohomology analogue proved by Lalonde-McDuff-Polterovich in the late 1990’s. The proof uses a virtual fundamental class of moduli spaces of sections of the fibration in Morava K-theory. This talk reports on joint work with Mohammed Abouzaid and Mark McLean.

In this talk we prove an analogue of the Brakke's $\epsilon$-regularity theorem for the parabolic Allen--Cahn equation. In particular, we show uniform $C^{2,\alpha}$ regularity for the transition layers converging to smooth mean curvature flows as $\epsilon\rightarrow 0$. A corresponding gap theorem for entire eternal solutions of the parabolic Allen--Cahn is also obtained. As an application of the regularity theorem, we give an affirmative answer to a question of Ilmanen that there is no cancellation in BV convergence in the mean convex setting.

When a reductive group G acts on a complex projective variety
X, there exist different methods for finding an open G-invariant subset
of X with a geometric quotient (the 'stable locus'), which is a
quasi-projective variety and has a projective completion X//G. Mumford's
geometric invariant theory (GIT) developed in the 1960s provides one way
to do this, given a lift of the action to an ample line bundle on X,
though with no guarantee that the stable locus is not empty. An
alternative approach due to Kapranov and others in the 1990s is to use
Chow varieties to define a 'Chow quotient' X//G. The aim of this talk is
to review the relationship between these constructions for reductive
groups, and to discuss the situation when G is not reductive.

Let $\Gamma$ be a finite subgroup of $SL(2, \mathbb{C})$. We can attach several different moduli spaces to the action of $\Gamma$ on $\mathbb{C}^2$, and we show how Nakajima's quiver varieties provide constructions of them. The definition of such a quiver variety depends on a stability parameter, and we are especially interested in what happens when this parameter moves into a specific ray in its associated wall-and-chamber structure. Some of the resulting quiver varieties can be understood as moduli spaces of certain framed sheaves on an appropriate stacky compactification of the Kleinian singularity $\mathbb{C}^2/\Gamma$. As a special case, this includes the punctual Hilbert schemes of $\mathbb{C}^2/\Gamma$.

Much of this is joint work with A. Craw, Á. Gyenge, and B. Szendrői.

In 1989, Bryant and Salamon constructed the first Riemannian manifolds with holonomy group $\Spin(7)$. Since a crucial aspect in the study of manifolds with exceptional holonomy regards fibrations through calibrated submanifolds, it is natural to consider such objects on the Bryant-Salamon manifolds.

In this talk, I will describe the construction and the geometry of (possibly singular) Cayley fibrations on each Bryant-Salamon manifold. These will arise from a natural family of structure-preserving $\SU(2)$ actions. The fibres will provide new examples of Cayley submanifolds.

Examples of 2CY categories include the category of coherent sheaves on a K3 surface, the category of Higgs bundles, and the category of modules over preprojective algebras or fundamental group algebras of compact Riemann surfaces.  Let p:M->N be the morphism from the stack of semistable objects in a 2CY category to the coarse moduli space.  I'll explain, using cohomological DT theory, formality in 2CY categories, and structure theorems for good moduli stacks, how to prove a version of the BBDG decomposition theorem for the exceptional direct image of the constant sheaf along p, even though none of the usual conditions for the decomposition theorem apply: p isn't projective or representable, M isn't smooth, the constant mixed Hodge module complex Q_M isn't pure...  As an application, I'll explain how this allows us to extend nonabelian Hodge theory to Betti/Dolbeault stacks.

(Joint with Y. Lekili) If someone gives you a variety with a singular point, you can try and get some understanding of what the singularity looks like by taking its “link”, that is you take the boundary of a neighbourhood of the singular point. For example, the link of the complex plane curve with a cusp $y^2 = x^3$ is a trefoil knot in the 3-sphere. I want to talk about the links of a class of 3-fold singularities which come up in Mori theory: the compound Du Val (cDV) singularities. These links are 5-dimensional manifolds. It turns out that many cDV singularities have the same 5-manifold as their link, and to tell them apart you need to keep track of some extra structure (a contact structure). We use symplectic cohomology to distinguish the contact structures on many of these links.

We study the behaviour of anti-self-dual instantons on $\mathbb{R}^3 \times S^1$ (also known as calorons) under codimension-1 collapse, i.e. when the circle factor shrinks to zero length. In this limit, the instanton equation reduces to the well-known Bogomolny equation of magnetic monopoles on $\mathbb{R}^3 $. However, inspired by work of Kraan and van Baal in the mathematical physics literature, we show how $SU(2)$ instantons can be realised as superpositions of monopoles and "rotated monopoles" glued into a singular background abelian configuration consisting of Dirac monopoles of positive and negative charges. I will also discuss generalisations of the construction to calorons with arbitrary structure group and potential applications to the hyperkähler geometry of moduli spaces of calorons. This is joint work with Calum Ross.

The homogeneous coordinate ring of a projective variety may be constructed by geometrically quantizing the multiples of a symplectic form, using the complex structure as a polarization. In this talk, I will explain how a holomorphic Poisson structure allows us to deform the complex polarization into a generalized complex structure, leading to a non-commutative deformation of the homogeneous coordinate ring. The main tool is a conjectural construction of a category of generalized complex branes, which makes use of the A-model of an associated symplectic groupoid. I will explain this in the example of toric Poisson varieties. This is joint work with Marco Gualtieri (arXiv:2108.01658).