Past

TBC

Pure spinor space, a cone over orthogonal Grassmannian OGr(5,10), is a central concept in the Berkovits formulation of string theory. The space of states of the beta-gamma system on pure spinors is tensor factor in the Hilbert space of string theory . This is why it would be nice to have a good definition of this space of states. This is not a straightforward task because of the conical singularity of the target. In the talk I will explain a strategy for attacking  conical targets. In the case of pure spinors the method gives a formula for partition function of pure spinors.

Bayesian optimization (BO) is a powerful tool for sequentially optimizing black-box functions that are expensive to evaluate, and has extensive applications including automatic hyperparameter tuning, environmental monitoring, and robotics. The problem of level-set estimation (LSE) with Gaussian processes is closely related; instead of performing optimization, one seeks to classify the whole domain according to whether the function lies above or below a given threshold, which is also of direct interest in applications.

In this talk, we present a new algorithm, truncated variance reduction (TruVaR) that addresses Bayesian optimization and level-set estimation in a unified fashion. The algorithm greedily shrinks a sum of truncated variances within a set of potential maximizers (BO) or unclassified points (LSE), which is updated based on confidence bounds. TruVaR is effective in several important settings that are typically non-trivial to incorporate into myopic algorithms, including pointwise costs, non-uniform noise, and multi-task settings. We provide a general theoretical guarantee for TruVaR covering these phenomena, and use it to obtain regret bounds for several specific settings. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm on both synthetic and real-world data sets.

I review work done in collaboration with Siegel and Zwiebach,  in which a doubled geometry is developed that provides a spacetime  action containing the standard gravity theory for graviton, Kalb-Ramond field and dilaton plus higher-derivative corrections. In this framework the T-duality O(d,d) invariance is manifest and exact to all orders in $\alpha'$.  This theory by itself does not correspond to a standard string theory, but it does encode the Green-Schwarz deformation characteristic of heterotic string theory  to first order in $\alpha'$ and a Riemann-cube correction to second order in  $\alpha'$. I outline how this theory may be extended to include arbitrary string theories. 

This is will be a progress report on our long-ongoing joint work with Bezrukavnikov on lifting the monodromy of the quantum differential equation for symplectic resolutions to automorphisms of their derived categories of coherent sheaves. I will attempt to define the ingredient that go both into the problem and into its solution.
 

Following an idea of Gaiotto, a symplectic representation of a complex Lie group G defines a complex Lagrangian subvariety inside the moduli space of G-Higgs bundles. The talk will discuss the case of G=SL(2) and its link with determinant  divisors, or equivalently Brill-Noether loci, in the moduli space of semistable SL(2)-bundles. 

Given a (-1)-shifted symplectic derived scheme or stack (X,w) over C equipped with an orientation, we explain how to construct a perverse sheaf P on the classical truncation of X so that its hypercohomology H*(P) can be regarded as a categorification of (or linearisation of) X. Given also a Lagrangian morphism L -> X equipped with a relative orientation, we outline a programme in progress to construct a natural morphism of constructible complexes on the truncation of L from the (shifted) constant complex on L to a suitable pullback of P to L. The morphisms and resulting hypercohomology classes are expected to satisfy various identities under products, composition of Lagrangian correspondences, etc. This programme will have interesting applications, such as proving associativity of a Kontsevich-Soibelman type COHA multiplication on H*(P) when X is the derived moduli stack of coherent sheaves on a Calabi-Yau 3-fold Y, and defining Lagrangian Floer cohomology and the Fukaya cat!
 egory of an algebraic or complex symplectic manifold S.

How can we explain the patterns of genetic variation in the world around us? The genetic composition of a population can be changed by natural selection, mutation, mating, and other genetic, ecological and evolutionary mechanisms. How do they interact with one another, and what was their relative importance in shaping the patterns we see today? 

Whereas the pioneers of the field could only observe genetic variation indirectly, by looking at traits of individuals in a population, researchers today have direct access to DNA sequences. But making sense of this wealth of data presents a major scientific challenge and mathematical models play a decisive role. This lecture will distil our understanding into workable models and explore the remarkable power of simple mathematical caricatures in interrogating modern genetic data.

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Let X be a complex algebraic variety containing a point x. One of the central ideas of deformation theory is that the local structure of X near the point x can be encoded by a differential graded Lie algebra. In this talk, Jacob Lurie will explain this idea and discuss some generalizations to more exotic contexts.

Let X be a complex algebraic variety containing a point x. One of the central ideas of deformation theory is that the local structure of X near the point x can be encoded by a differential graded Lie algebra. In this talk, Jacob Lurie will explain this idea and discuss some generalizations to more exotic contexts.

One of the big ideas in linear algebra is {\em eigenvalues}. Most matrices become in some basis {\em diagonal} matrices; so a lot of information about the matrix (which is specified by $n^2$ matrix entries) is encoded by by just $n$ eigenvalues. The fact that lots of different matrices can have the same eigenvalues reflects the fact that matrix multiplication is not commutative.

I'll look at how to make these vague statements (``lots of different matrices...") more precise; how to extend them from matrices to abstract symmetry groups; and how to relate abstract symmetry groups to matrices.

The vast majority of the World's documented meteorite specimens have been collected from Antarctica. This is due to Antarctica’s ice dynamics, which allows for the significant concentration of meteorites onto ice surfaces known as Meteorite Stranding Zones. However, meteorite collection data shows a significant anomaly exists: the proportion of iron-based meteorites are under-represented compared to those found in the rest of the World. Here I explain that englacial solar warming provides a plausible explanation for this shortfall: as meteorites are transported up towards the surface of the ice they become exposed to increasing amounts of solar radiation, meaning it is possible for meteorites with a high-enough thermal conductivity (such as iron) to reach a depth at which they melt their underlying ice and sink back downwards, offsetting the upwards transportation. An enticing consequence of this mechanism is that a sparse layer of  meteorites lies just beneath the surface of these Meteorite Stranding Zones...

Mining massive amounts of sequentially ordered data and inferring structural properties is nowadays a standard task (in finance, etc). I will present some results that combine and extend ideas from rough paths and machine learning that allow to give a general non-parametric approach with strong theoretical guarantees. Joint works with F. Kiraly and T. Lyons.

Continuation of the last talk.

T cells are important white blood cells that continually circulate in the body in search of the molecular signatures ('antigens') of infection and cancer. We (and many other labs) are trying to construct models of the T cell signalling network that can be used to predict how ligand binding (at the surface of the cell) controls gene express (in the nucleus). To do this, we stimulate T cells with various ligands (input) and measure products of gene expression (output) and then try to determine which model must be invoked to explain the data. The challenge that we face is finding 1) unique models and 2) scaling the method to many different input and outputs.

The computation of multidimensional persistent homology is one of the major open problems in topological data analysis. 

One can define r-dimensional persistent homology to be a functor from the poset category N^r, where N is the poset of natural numbers, to the category of modules over a commutative ring with identity. While 1-dimensional persistent homology is theoretically well-understood and has been successfully applied to many real-world problems, the theory of r-dimensional persistent homology is much harder, as it amounts to understanding representations of quivers of wild type. 

In this talk I will introduce persistent homology, give some motivation for how it is related to the study of data, and present recent results related to the classification of multidimensional persistent homology.

The concept of pseudofinite dimension for ultraproducts of finite structures was introduced by Hrushovski and Wagner. In this talk, I will present joint work with D. Macpherson and C. Steinhorn in which we explored conditions on the (fine) pseudofinite dimension that guarantee simplicity or supersimplicity of the underlying theory of an ultraproduct of finite structures, as well as a characterization of forking in terms of droping of the pseudofinite dimension. Also, under a suitable assumption, it can be shown that a measure-theoretic condition is equivalent to loc

Let $a_1, \cdots, a_N$ be the sequence of y-smooth numbers up to x (i.e. composed only of primes up to y). When y is a small power of x, what can one say about the size of the gaps $a_{j+1}-a_j$? In particular, what about

$$\sum_1^N (a_{j+1}-a_j)^2?$$

We focus on the mathematical structure of systemic risk measures as proposed by Chen, Iyengar, and Moallemi (2013). In order to clarify the interplay between local and global risk assessment, we study the local specification of a systemic risk measure by a consistent family of conditional risk measures for smaller subsystems, and we discuss the appearance of phase transitions at the global level. This extends the analysis of spatial risk measures in Föllmer and Klϋppelberg (2015).

Our everyday usage of the Internet generates huge amounts of data on how humans collect and exchange information worldwide. In this talk, I will outline recent work in which we investigate whether data from sources such as Google, Wikipedia and Flickr can be used to gain new insight into real world human behaviour. I will provide case studies from a range of domains, including disease detection, crowd size estimation, and evaluating whether the beauty of the environment we live in might affect our health.

For linear dynamical systems, model reduction has achieved great success. In the case of linear dynamics,  we know how to construct, at a modest cost, (locally) optimal, input-independent reduced models; that is, reduced models that are uniformly good over all inputs having bounded energy. In addition, in some cases we can achieve this goal using only input/output data without a priori knowledge of internal  dynamics.  Even though model reduction has been successfully and effectively applied to nonlinear dynamical systems as well, in this setting,  bot the reduction process and the reduced models are input dependent and the high fidelity of the resulting approximation is generically restricted to the training input/data. In this talk, we will offer remedies to this situation.

We will explore the many guises under which groups of 2x2 matrices appear, such as isometries of the hyperbolic plane, mapping class groups and the modular group. Along the way we will learn some interesting and perhaps surprising facts.

A Steiner Triple System on a set X is a collection T of 3-element subsets of X such that every pair of elements of X is contained in exactly one of the triples in T. An example considered by Plücker in 1835 is the affine plane of order three, which consists of 12 triples on a set of 9 points. Plücker observed that a necessary condition for the existence of a Steiner Triple System on a set with n elements is that n be congruent to 1 or 3 mod 6. In 1846, Kirkman showed that this necessary condition is also sufficient. In 1974, Wilson conjectured an approximate formula for the number of such systems. We will outline a proof of this
conjecture, and a more general estimate for the number of Steiner systems. Our main tool is the technique of Randomised Algebraic Construction, which
we introduced to resolve a question of Steiner from 1853 on the existence of designs.

I will present a definition of symplectic homology groups for pairs of Liouville cobordisms with fillings, and explain how these fit into a formalism of homology theory similar to that of Eilenberg and Steenrod. This construction allows to understand form a unified point of view many structural results involving Floer homology groups, and yields new applications. Joint work with Kai Cieliebak.

We purify and generalize some techniques which were successful in the limit theory of graphs and other discrete structures. We demonstrate how this technique can be used for solving different combinatorial problems, by defining the limit problems of the Manickam--Miklós--Singhi Conjecture, the Kikuta–Ruckle Conjecture and Alpern's Caching Game.

we study a new mechanism of reaction-diffusion involving a line with fast diffusion, proposed to model the influence of transportation networks on biological invasions. 
We will be interested in the existence and uniqueness of traveling waves solutions, and especially focus on their velocity. We will show that it grows as the square root of the diffusivity on the line, generalizing and showing the robustness of a result by Berestycki, Roquejoffre and Rossi (2013), and provide a characterization of the growth ratio thanks to an hypoelliptic (a priori) degenerate system. 
Finally we will take a look at the dynamics and show that the waves attract a large class of initial data. In particular, we will shed light on a new mechanism of attraction which enables the waves to attract initial data with size independent of the diffusion on the line : this is a new result, in the sense than usually, enhancement of propagation has to be paid by strengthening the assumptions on the size of the initial data for invasion to happen.

We consider families of fast-slow skew product maps of the form \begin{align*}x_{n+1}   = x_n+\eps^2 a_\eps(x_n,y_n)+\eps b_\eps(x_n)v_\eps(y_n), \quad

y_{n+1}   = T_\eps y_n, \end{align*} where $T_\eps$ is a family of nonuniformly expanding maps, $v_\eps$ is of mean zero and the slow variables $x_n$ lie in $\R^d$.  Under an exactness assumption on $b_\eps$ (automatically satisfied in the cases $d=1$ and $b_\eps\equiv I_d$), we prove convergence of the slow variables to a limiting stochastic differential equation (SDE) as $\eps\to0$.   Our results include cases where the family of fast dynamical systems

$T_\eps$ consists of intermittent maps, unimodal maps (along the Collet-Eckmann parameters) and Viana maps.Similar results are obtained also for continuous time systems  \begin{align*} \dot x   =  \eps^2 a_\eps(x,y,\eps)+\eps b_\eps(x)v_\eps(y), \quad \dot y   =  g_\eps(y). \end{align*}

Here, as in classical Wong-Zakai approximation, the limiting SDE is of Stratonovich type $dX=\bar a(X)\,dt+b_0(X)\circ\,dW$ where $\bar a$ is the average of $a_0$

and $W$ is a $d$-dimensional Brownian motion.

I am going to discuss Rips' conjecture that all finitely presented groups with quadratic Dehn functions have decidable conjugacy problem.

This is a joint work with A.Yu. Olshanskii.
 

This talk will be about  Lévy processes on compact groups - discrete or continuous - and  two-dimensional analogues called pure Yang-Mills fields. The latter are indexed by  reduced loops of finite length in the plane and satisfy properties analogue to independence and stationarity of increments.     There is a one-to-one correspondance between Lévy processes invariant by adjunction and pure Yang-Mills fields. For Brownian motions, Yang-Mills fields stand for a rigorous version of the Euclidean Yang-Mills measure in two dimension.  I shall first sketch this correspondance for  Lévy processes with large jumps. Then, I will discuss two applications of an extension theorem, due to Thierry Lévy, similar to Kolmogorov extension theorem. On the one hand, it allows to construct pure Yang-Mills fields for any invariant Lévy process. On the other hand, when the group acts on vector spaces of large dimension, this theorem also allows to study the asymptotic behavior  of traces. The limiting objects yield a natural family of states on the group algebra of reduced loops.  We characterize among them the master field defined by Thierry Lévy by a continuity property.   This is  a joint work with Guillaume Cébron and Franck Gabriel.

This talk will give a description of the period ring B_dR of Fontaine, which uses de Rham algebra computations. 

This talk is part of the workshop on Beilinson's approach to p-adic Hodge  theory.