Past

In this lecture I will exploit a model of asset prices where speculators overconfidence is a source of heterogeneous beliefs and arbitrage is limited. In the model, asset buyers are the most positive investors, but prices exceed their optimistic valuation because the owner of an asset has the option of reselling it in the future to an even more optimistic buyer. The value of this resale option can be identified as a bubble. I will focus on assets with a fixed terminal date, as is often the case with credit instruments. I will show that the size of a bubble satisfies a Partial Differential Equation that is similar to the equation satisfied by an American option and use the PDE to evaluate the impact of parameters such as interest rates or a “Tobin tax” on the size of the bubble and on trading volume.

Feature Selection is a ubiquitous problem in across data mining,

bioinformatics, and pattern recognition, known variously as variable

selection, dimensionality reduction, and others. Methods based on

information theory have tremendously popular over the past decade, with

dozens of 'novel' algorithms, and hundreds of applications published in

domains across the spectrum of science/engineering. In this work, we

asked the question 'what are the implicit underlying statistical

assumptions of feature selection methods based on mutual information?'

The main result I will present is a unifying probabilistic framework for

information theoretic feature selection, bringing almost two decades of

research on heuristic methods under a single theoretical interpretation.

Exponential time integrators are a powerful tool for numerical solution

of time dependent problems. The actions of the matrix functions on vectors,

necessary for exponential integrators, can be efficiently computed by

different elegant numerical techniques, such as Krylov subspaces.

Unfortunately, in some situations the additional work required by

exponential integrators per time step is not paid off because the time step

can not be increased too much due to the accuracy restrictions.

To get around this problem, we propose the so-called time-stepping-free

approach. This approach works for linear ordinary differential equation (ODE)

systems where the time dependent part forms a small-dimensional subspace.

In this case the time dependence can be projected out by block Krylov

methods onto the small, projected ODE system. Thus, there is just one

block Krylov subspace involved and there are no time steps. We refer to

this method as EBK, exponential block Krylov method. The accuracy of EBK

is determined by the Krylov subspace error and the solution accuracy in the

projected ODE system. EBK works for well for linear systems, its extension

to nonlinear problems is an open problem and we discuss possible ways for

such an extension.

Min-Max equations, also called Isaacs equations, arise from many applications, eg in game theory or mathematical finance. For their numerical solution, they are often discretised by finite difference

methods, and, in a second step, one is then faced with a non-linear discrete system. We discuss how upper and lower bounds for the solution to the discretised min-max equation can easily be computed.

In this seminar I will present two results regarding the uniqueness (and further properties) for the two-dimensional continuity equation

and the ordinary differential equation in the case when the vector field is bounded, divergence free and satisfies additional conditions on its distributional curl. Such settings appear in a very natural way in various situations, for instance when considering two-dimensional incompressible fluids. I will in particular describe the following two cases:\\

(1) The vector field is time-independent and its curl is a (locally finite) measure (without any sign condition).\\

(2) The vector field is time-dependent and its curl belongs to L^1.\\

Based on joint works with: Giovanni Alberti (Universita' di Pisa), Stefano Bianchini (SISSA Trieste), Francois Bouchut (CNRS &

Universite' Paris-Est-Marne-la-Vallee) and Camillo De Lellis (Universitaet Zuerich).

In this talk our aim is to explain why there exist hyperkähler metrics on the cotangent bundles and on coadjoint orbits of complex Lie groups. The key observation is that both the cotangent bundle of $G^\mathbb C$ and complex coadjoint orbits can be constructed as hyperkähler quotients in an infinite-dimensional setting: They may be identified with certain moduli spaces of solutions to Nahm's equations, which is a system of non-linear ODEs arising in gauge theory. 

In the first half we will describe the hyperkähler quotient construction, which can be viewed as a version of the Marsden-Weinstein symplectic quotient for complex symplectic manifolds. We will then introduce Nahm's equations and explain how their moduli spaces of solutions may be related to the above Lie theoretic objects.

In recent years there has been extensive interest in word maps on groups, and various results were obtained, with emphasis on simple groups. We shall focus on some new results on word maps for more general families of finite and infinite groups.

I revisit the identification of Nekrasov's K-theoretic partition function, counting instantons on $R^4$, and the (refined) Donaldson-Thomas partition function of the associated local Calabi-Yau threefold. The main example will be the case of the resolved conifold, corresponding to the gauge group $U(1)$. I will show how recent mathematical results about refined DT theory confirm this identification, and speculate on how one could lift the equality of partition functions to a structural result about vector spaces.

 The use of tissue engineered implants could facilitate unions in situations where there is loss of bone or non-union, thereby increasing healing time, reducing the risk of infections and hence reducing morbidity. Currently engineered bone tissue is not of sufficient quality to be used in widespread clinical practice.  In order to improve experimental design, and thereby the quality of the tissue-constructs, the underlying biological processes involved need to be better understood. In conjunction with experimentalists, we consider the effect hydrodynamic pressure has on the development and regulation of bone, in a bioreactor designed specifically for this purpose. To answer the experimentalists’ specific questions, we have developed two separate models; in this talk I will present one of these, a multiphase partial differential equation model to describe the evolution of the cells, extracellular matrix that they deposit, the culture medium and the scaffold.  The model is then solved using the finite element method using the deal.II library.

This is a report of joint work with T. Koppe, P. Majumdar, and K.

 Ray.

I will define new partition functions for theories with targets on toric

singularities via

products of old partition functions on  crepant resolutions. I will

present explicit examples 

and show that the  new partition functions turn out to be homogeneous on

MacMahon factors.

Pathwise Holder convergence with optimal rates is proved for the implicit Euler scheme associated with semilinear stochastic evolution equations with multiplicative noise. The results are applied to a class of second order parabolic SPDEs driven by space-time white noise. This is joint work with Sonja Cox.

We describe how one can recover the Mori--Mukai

classification of smooth 3-dimensional Fano manifolds using mirror

symmetry, and indicate how the same ideas might apply to the

classification of smooth 4-dimensional Fano manifolds. This is joint

work in progress with Corti, Galkin, Golyshev, and Kasprzyk.

"The model of Vertex Reinforced Random Walk (VRRW) on Z goes back to Pemantle & Volkov, '99, who proved a result of localization on 5 sites with positive probability. They also conjectured that this was the a.s. behavior of the walk. In 2004, Tarrès managed to prove this conjecture. Then in 2006, inspired by Davis'paper '90 on the edge reinforced version of the model, Volkov studied VRRW with weight on Z. 

He proved that in the strongly reinforced case, i.e. when the weight sequence is reciprocally summable, the walk localizes a.s. on 2 sites, as expected. He also proved that localization is a.s. not possible for weights growing sublinearly, but like a power of n. However, the question of localization remained open for other weights, like n*log n or n/log n, for instance. In the talk I will first review these results and formulate more precisely the open questions. Then I will present some recent results giving partial answers. This is based on joint (partly still on-going) work with Anne-Laure Basdevant and Arvind Singh."

We establish a correspondence between generalized quiver gauge theories in

four dimensions and congruence subgroups of the modular group, hinging upon

the trivalent graphs which arise in both. The gauge theories and the graphs

are enumerated and their numbers are compared. The correspondence is

particularly striking for genus zero torsion-free congruence subgroups as

exemplified by those which arise in Moonshine. We analyze in detail the

case of index 24, where modular elliptic K3 surfaces emerge: here, the

elliptic j-invariants can be recast as dessins d'enfant which dictate the

Seiberg-Witten curves.

We present a general valuation framework for commodity storage facilities, for non-perishable commodities. Modeling commodity prices with a mean reverting process we provide analytical expressions for the value obtainable from the storage for any admissible injection/withdrawal policy. Then we present an iterative numerical algorithm to find the optimal injection and withdrawal policies, along with the necessary theoretical guarantees for convergence. Together, the analytical expressions and the numerical algorithm present an extremely efficient way of solving not only commodity storage problems but in general the problem of optimally controlling a mean reverting processes with transaction costs.