Thu, 17 Jan 2013

16:00 - 17:00
DH 1st floor SR

Compressed sensing and matrix completion: exploiting simplicity in data

Jared Tanner
(Oxford University)
Abstract

The essential information contained in most large data sets is

small when compared to the size of the data set. That is, the

data can be well approximated using relatively few terms in a

suitable transformation. Compressed sensing and matrix completion

show that this simplicity in the data can be exploited to reduce the

number of measurements. For instance, if a vector of length $N$

can be represented exactly using $k$ terms of a known basis

then $2k\log(N/k)$ measurements is typically sufficient to recover

the vector exactly. This can result in dramatic time savings when

k

Thu, 17 Jan 2013

15:00 - 16:00
SR1

Useful geometry and modular forms

Jan Vonk
Abstract

Algebraic geometry has become the standard language for many number theorists in recent decades. In this talk, we will define modular forms and related objects in the language of modern geometers, thereby giving a geometric motivation for their study. We will ask some naive questions from a purely geometric point of view about these objects, and try to answer them using standard geometric techniques. If time permits, we will discuss some rather deep consequences in number theory of our geometric excursion, and mention open problems in geometry whose solution would have profound consequences in number theory.

Thu, 17 Jan 2013

14:00 - 15:00
Gibson Grd floor SR

Multi-task Learning and Structured Sparsity

Professor Massimiliano Pontil
(University College London)
Abstract

We discuss the problem of estimating a structured matrix with a large number of elements. A key motivation for this problem occurs in multi-task learning. In this case, the columns of the matrix correspond to the parameters of different regression or classification tasks, and there is structure due to relations between the tasks. We present a general method to learn the tasks' parameters as well as their structure. Our approach is based on solving a convex optimization problem, involving a data term and a penalty term. We highlight different types of penalty terms which are of practical and theoretical importance. They implement structural relations between the tasks and achieve a sparse representations of parameters. We address computational issues as well as the predictive performance of the method. Finally we discuss how these ideas can be extended to learn non-linear task functions by means of reproducing kernels.

Thu, 17 Jan 2013

14:00 - 15:00
L3

Auslander-Reiten-quivers in functorially finite resolving subcategories

Matthias Krebs
(University of East Anglia)
Abstract

It has been shown that the Auslander-Reiten-quiver of an indecomposable algebra contains a finite component if and only if A is representation finite. Moreover, selfinjective algebras are representation finite if and only if the tree types of the stable components are given by Dynkin Diagrams. I will present similar results for the Auslander-Reiten-quiver of a functorially finite resolving subcategory Ω. We will see that Brauer-Thrall 1 and Brauer-Thrall 1.5 can be proved for these categories with only little extra effort. Furthermore, a connection between sectional paths in A-mod and irreducible morphisms in Ω will be given. Finally, I will show how all finite Auslander-Reiten-quivers of A-mod or Ω are related to Dynkin Diagrams with a notion similar to the tree type that coincides in a finite stable component.

Thu, 17 Jan 2013
12:00
Gibson 1st Floor SR

Relaxation in BV via polyhedral approximation

Parth Soneji
(OxPDE)
Abstract

We first provide a brief overview of some of the key properties of the space $\textrm{BV}(\Omega;\mathbb{R}^{N})$ of functions of Bounded Variation, and the motivation for its use in the Calculus of Variations. Now consider the variational integral

\[

F(u;\Omega):=\int_{\Omega}f(Du(x))\,\textrm{d} x\,\textrm{,}

\]

where $\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^{n}$ is open and bounded, and $f\colon\mathbb{R}^{N\times n}\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ is a continuous function satisfying the growth condition $0\leq f(\xi)\leq L(1+|\xi|^{r})$ for some exponent $r$. When $u\in\textrm{BV}(\Omega;\mathbb{R}^{N})$, we extend the definition of $F(u;\Omega)$ by introducing the functional

\[

\mathscr{F}(u,\Omega):= \inf_{(u_{j})}\bigg\{ \liminf_{j\rightarrow\infty}\int_{\Omega}f(Du_{j})\,\textrm{d} x\, \left|

\!\!\begin{array}{r}

(u_{j})\subset W_{\textrm{loc}}^{1,r}(\Omega, \mathbb{R}^{N}) \\

u_{j} \stackrel{\ast}{\rightharpoonup} u\,\,\textrm{in }\textrm{BV}(\Omega, \mathbb{R}^{N})

\end{array} \right. \bigg\} \,\textrm{.}

\]

\noindent For $r\in [1,\frac{n}{n-1})$, we prove that $\mathscr{F}$ satisfies the lower bound

\[

\mathscr{F}(u,\Omega) \geq \int_{\Omega} f(\nabla u (x))\,\textrm{d} x + \int_{\Omega}f_{\infty} \bigg(\frac{D^{s}u}{|D^{s}u|}\bigg)\,|D^{s}u|\,\textrm{,}

\]

provided $f$ is quasiconvex, and the recession function $f_{\infty}$ ($:= \overline{\lim}_{t\rightarrow\infty}f(t\xi )/t$) is assumed to be finite in certain rank-one directions. This result is a natural extension of work by Ambrosio and Dal Maso, which deals with the case $r=1$; it involves combining work of Kristensen, Braides and Coscia with some new techniques, including a polyhedral approximation result and a blow-up argument that exploits fine properties of BV functions.

Wed, 16 Jan 2013

16:00 - 17:00
SR2

Relations between some topological and group theoretic conjectures

Robert Kropholler
(University of Oxford)
Abstract

I will be looking at some conjectures and theorems closely related to the h-cobordism theorem and will try to show some connections between them and some group theoretic conjectures.

Tue, 15 Jan 2013
17:00
L2

Homological dimension of soluble groups and some new complement and supplement theorems.

Peter Kropholler
(Southamapton)
Abstract

The homological dimension of a group can be computed over any coefficient ring $K$.
It has long been known that if a soluble group has finite homological dimension over $K$
then it has finite Hirsch length and the Hirsch length is an upper bound for the homological
dimension. We conjecture that equality holds: i.e. the homological dimension over $K$ is
equal to the Hirsch length whenever the former is finite. At first glance this conjecture looks
innocent enough. The conjecture is known when $K$ is taken to be the integers or the field
of rational numbers. But there is a gap in the literature regarding finite field coefficients.
We'll take a look at some of the history of this problem and then show how some new near complement
and near supplement theorems for minimax groups can be used to establish the conjecture
in special cases. I will conclude by speculating what may be required to solve the conjecture outright.

Tue, 15 Jan 2013

12:00 - 13:00
L3

Supersymmetric loop space

Mir Faizal
Abstract

We will first review the construction of N =1

supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory in three dimensions. Then we will

construct a superloop space formulation for this super-Yang-Mills

theory in three dimensions.Thus, we will obtain expressions for loop

connection and loop curvature in this superloop space. We will also

show that curvature will vanish, unless there is a monopole in the

spacetime. We will also construct a quantity which will give the

monopole charge in this formalism. Finally, we will show how these

results hold even in case of deformed superspace.

Mon, 14 Jan 2013

17:00 - 18:00
Gibson 1st Floor SR

N-covering stationary points and constrained variational problems

Jonathan Bevan
(University of Surrey)
Abstract

In this talk we show how degree N maps of the form $u_{N}(z) = \frac{z^{N}}{|z|^{N-1}}$ arise naturally as stationary points of functionals like the Dirichlet energy. We go on to show that the $u_{N}$ are minimizers of related variational problems, including one whose associated Euler-Lagrange equation bears a striking resemblance to a system studied by N. Meyers in the 60s, and another where the constraint $\det \nabla u = 1$ a.e. plays a prominent role.

Mon, 14 Jan 2013

15:45 - 16:45

Automorphisms of relatively hyperbolic groups and McCool groups

Vincent Guirardel
(Toulouse)
Abstract

We define a McCool group of G as the group of outer automorphisms of G acting as a conjugation on a given family of subgroups. We will explain that these groups appear naturally in the description of many natural groups of automorphisms. On the other hand, McCool groups of a toral relatively hyperbolic group have strong finiteness properties: they have a finite index subgroup with a finite classifying space. Moreover, they satisfy a chain condition that has several other applications.
This is a joint work with Gilbert Levitt.

Mon, 14 Jan 2013

12:00 - 13:00
L3

Non-commuting closed strings on non-geometric backgrounds

Magdalena Larfors
(Oxford)
Abstract
Strings are extended objects, and this means that they can be compactified not only on Riemannian manifolds, but also on more exotic spaces with generalized transition functions. An example of this is the T-fold, where T-duality is used to glue the Neveu-Schwarz fields of the background. Collectively, these exotic set-ups are known as non-geometric string compactifications, and in this talk I will discuss two of their aspects. First, I will present a field redefinition in the Neveu-Schwarz sector that allows a ten-dimensional, effective description of certain non-geometric backgrounds. This redefinition is inspired by Generalized Geometry and Double Field Theory. Second, I will show that closed strings become non-commuting when non-geometric fluxes are turned on. This will be done through the analysis of a three-torus with H-flux and its T-dual configurations.
Fri, 11 Jan 2013

11:30 - 13:00
OCCAM Common Room (RI2.28)

OCCAM Group Meeting

Various
Abstract
  • Kiran Singh - Multi-body dynamics in elastocapillary systems
  • Graham Morris - Investigating a catalytic mechanism using voltammetry
  • Thomas Woolley - Cellular blebs: pressure-driven axisymmetric, membrane protrusions
Thu, 10 Jan 2013

14:00 - 15:00
Gibson Grd floor SR

Packing Ellipsoids with Overlap

Professor Stephen Wright
(University of Wisconsin-Madison)
Abstract

Problems of packing shapes with maximal density, sometimes into a

container of restricted size, are classical in discrete

mathematics. We describe here the problem of packing a given set of

ellipsoids of different sizes into a finite container, in a way that

allows overlap but that minimizes the maximum overlap between adjacent

ellipsoids. We describe a bilevel optimization algorithm for finding

local solutions of this problem, both the general case and the simpler

special case in which the ellipsoids are spheres. Tools from conic

optimization, especially semidefinite programming, are key to the

algorithm. Finally, we describe the motivating application -

chromosome arrangement in cell nuclei - and compare the computational

results obtained with this approach to experimental observations.

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This talk represents joint work with Caroline Uhler (IST Austria).

Tue, 08 Jan 2013

15:45 - 16:45
L3

Refined stable pair invariants on local Calabi-Yau threefolds

Jinwon Choi
(University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign)
Abstract

A refinement of the Pandharipande-Thomas stable pair invariants for local toric Calabi-Yau threefolds is defined by what we call the virtual Bialynicki-Birula decomposition. We propose a product formula for the generating function for the refined stable pair invariants extending the motivic product formula of Morrison, Mozgovoy, Nagao, and Szendroi for local ${\bf P}^1$. I will also describe how the proposed product formula is related to the wall crossing in my first talk. This is joint work with Sheldon Katz and Albrecht Klemm.

Tue, 08 Jan 2013

14:00 - 15:00
L3

On the moduli spaces of stable pairs on the projective plane

Jinwon Choi
(University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign)
Abstract

We study the birational relationship between the moduli spaces of $\alpha$-stable pairs and the moduli space $M(d,1)$ of stable sheaves on ${\bf P}^2$ with Hilbert polynomial $dm+1$. We explicitly relate them by birational morphisms when $d=4$ and $5$, and we describe the blow-up centers geometrically. As a byproduct, we obtain the Poincare polynomials of the moduli space of stable sheaves, or equivalently the refined BPS index. This is joint work with Kiryong Chung.

Wed, 19 Dec 2012

15:00 - 16:00

4-3-2-8-7-6

Dan Freed