Oxford Mathematician John Ball has won the European Academy of Sciences Leonardo da Vinci award. The award is given annually for outstanding lifetime scientific achievement. In the words of the Committee, "through a research career spanning more than 45 years, Professor Ball has made groundbreaking and highly significant contributions to the mathematical theory of elasticity, the calculus of variations, and the mathematical analysis of infinite-dimensional dynamical systems."
The Usefulness of a Modified Restricted Isometry Property
Abstract
The restricted isometry property is arguably the most prominent tool in the theory of compressive sensing. In its classical version, it features l_2 norms as inner and outer norms. The modified version considered in this talk features the l_1 norm as the inner norm, while the outer norm depends a priori on the distribution of the random entries populating the measurement matrix. The modified version holds for a wider class of random matrices and still accounts for the success of sparse recovery via basis pursuit and via iterative hard thresholding. In the special case of Gaussian matrices, the outer norm actually reduces to an l_2 norm. This fact allows one to retrieve results from the theory of one-bit compressive sensing in a very simple way. Extensions to one-bit matrix recovery are then straightforward.
15:30
Joint NT/LO Seminar: Rational points and ultrproducts
Abstract
There is a conjecture by Colliot-Thelene (about 2005) that under specific hypotheses, a morphism of Q-varieties f : X --> Y has the property that for almost all prime numbers p, the corresponding map X(Q_p) --> Y(Q_p) is surjective. A sharpening of the conjecture was solved by Denef (2016), and later, "if and only if" conditions on f were given by Skorobogatov et al. The plan for the talk is to explain in detail the conjecture and the results mentioned above, and to report on work in progress on a different method to attack the conjecture under quite relaxed hypotheses.
15:45
Semi-stability in Nonpositive curvature
Abstract
A proper simply connected one-ended metric space is call semi-stable if any two proper rays are properly homotopic. A finitely presented group is called semi-stable if the universal cover of its presentation 2-complex is semi-stable.
It is conjectured that every finitely presented group is semi-stable. We will examine the known results for the cases where the group in question is relatively hyperbolic or CAT(0).
A Cohomological Perspective on Algebraic Quantum Field Theory
Abstract
After outlining the principles of Algebraic Quantum Field Theory (AQFT) I will describe the generalization of Hochschild cohomology that is relevant to describing deformations in AQFT. An interaction is described by a cohomology class.
Towards an M5-brane model: A 6d superconformal field theory
Abstract
I will discuss a classical six-dimensional superconformal field theory containing a non-abelian tensor multiplet which we recently constructed in arXiv:1712.06623.
This theory satisfies many of the properties of the mysterious (2,0)-theory: non-abelian 2-form potentials, ADE-type gauge structure, reduction to Yang-Mills theory and reduction to M2-brane models. There are still some crucial differences to the (2,0)-theory, but our action seems to be a key stepping stone towards a potential classical formulation of the (2,0)-theory.
I will review in detail the underlying mathematics of categorified gauge algebras and categorified connections, which make our constructions possible.
Homotopical algebraic quantum field theory
Abstract
Algebraic quantum field theories (AQFTs) are traditionally described as functors that assign algebras (of observables) to spacetime regions. These functors are required to satisfy a list of physically motivated axioms such as commutativity of the multiplication for spacelike separated regions. In this talk we will show that AQFTs can be described as algebras over a colored operad. This operad turns out to be interesting as it describes an interpolation between non-commutative and commutative algebraic structures. We analyze our operad from a homotopy theoretical perspective and determine a suitable resolution that describes the commutative behavior up to coherent homotopies. We present two concrete constructions of toy-models of algebras over the resolved operad in terms of (i) forming cochains on diagrams of simplicial sets (or stacks) and (ii) orbifoldization of equivariant AQFTs.
The Oxford Summer School on Economic Networks, hosted by Oxford Mathematics and the Institute of New Economic Thinking, aims to bring together graduate students from a range of disciplines (maths, statistics, economics, policy, geography, development, ..) to learn about the techniques, applications and impact of network theory in economics and development.